Yes, iTunes is just a media player and an iOS data transfer tool. If you want to transfer files between iPhone and computer, or back up iPhone to computer, you can also use third-party software. Actually, third-party software is much more user-friendly than iTunes, because it doesn't require sync and won't erase iPhone data while syncing. Also, you can transfer files between iPhone and computer via drag-and-drop.
Here is a post including some best iTunes alternatives so that you don't need to use iPhone with iTunes: 10 Best iTunes Alternatives