Yes, you can keep the same number. Losing a phone or a SIM card isn't going to destitute you from your number simply because your caller profile although it resides on your SIM's chip it’s also hosted on your telecom’s server.
If this is the case, all you need to do is contact your Telecom provider and ask for a new SIM card. This is a worldwide standard and it shouldn’t affect your location at all.
